太阳能动力学天文台（SDO）是NASA多光谱十年的长达任务，每天都在日常产生来自Sun的观测数据的trabytes，以证明机器学习方法的潜力并铺路未来深空任务计划的方式。特别是，在最近的几项研究中提出了使用图像到图像翻译实际上产生极端超紫罗兰通道的想法，这是一种增强任务较少通道的提高任务的方法，并且由于低下链接而减轻了挑战。深空的速率。本文通过关注四个通道和基于编码器的建筑的排列来研究这种深度学习方法的潜力和局限性，并特别注意太阳表面的形态特征和亮度如何影响神经网络预测。在这项工作中，我们想回答以下问题：可以将通过图像到图像翻译产生的太阳电晕的合成图像用于太阳的科学研究吗？分析强调，神经网络在计数率（像素强度）上产生高质量的图像，通常可以在1％误差范围内跨通道跨通道重现协方差。但是，模型性能在极高的能量事件（如耀斑）的对应关系中大大减少，我们认为原因与此类事件的稀有性有关，这对模型训练构成了挑战。

Machine Learning algorithms have been extensively researched throughout the last decade, leading to unprecedented advances in a broad range of applications, such as image classification and reconstruction, object recognition, and text categorization. Nonetheless, most Machine Learning algorithms are trained via derivative-based optimizers, such as the Stochastic Gradient Descent, leading to possible local optimum entrapments and inhibiting them from achieving proper performances. A bio-inspired alternative to traditional optimization techniques, denoted as meta-heuristic, has received significant attention due to its simplicity and ability to avoid local optimums imprisonment. In this work, we propose to use meta-heuristic techniques to fine-tune pre-trained weights, exploring additional regions of the search space, and improving their effectiveness. The experimental evaluation comprises two classification tasks (image and text) and is assessed under four literature datasets. Experimental results show nature-inspired algorithms' capacity in exploring the neighborhood of pre-trained weights, achieving superior results than their counterpart pre-trained architectures. Additionally, a thorough analysis of distinct architectures, such as Multi-Layer Perceptron and Recurrent Neural Networks, attempts to visualize and provide more precise insights into the most critical weights to be fine-tuned in the learning process.

由能够连接和交换消息的越来越多的移动设备而激励，我们提出了一种旨在模拟和分析网络中节点移动性的方法。我们注意到文献中的许多现有解决方案依赖于直接在节点联系人图表上计算的拓扑测量，旨在捕获节点在有利于原型设计，设计和部署移动网络的连接和移动模式方面的重要性。但是，每个措施都具有其特异性，并且无法概括最终随时间变化的节点重要性概念。与以前的方法不同，我们的方法基于节点嵌入方法，该方法模型和推出在保留其空间和时间特征的同时在移动性和连接模式中对节点的重要性。我们专注于基于一丝小组会议的案例研究。结果表明，我们的方法提供了提取不同移动性和连接模式的丰富表示，这可能有助于移动网络中的各种应用和服务。

Traditionally, data analysis and theory have been viewed as separate disciplines, each feeding into fundamentally different types of models. Modern deep learning technology is beginning to unify these two disciplines and will produce a new class of predictively powerful space weather models that combine the physical insights gained by data and theory. We call on NASA to invest in the research and infrastructure necessary for the heliophysics' community to take advantage of these advances.

Video segmentation consists of a frame-by-frame selection process of meaningful areas related to foreground moving objects. Some applications include traffic monitoring, human tracking, action recognition, efficient video surveillance, and anomaly detection. In these applications, it is not rare to face challenges such as abrupt changes in weather conditions, illumination issues, shadows, subtle dynamic background motions, and also camouflage effects. In this work, we address such shortcomings by proposing a novel deep learning video segmentation approach that incorporates residual information into the foreground detection learning process. The main goal is to provide a method capable of generating an accurate foreground detection given a grayscale video. Experiments conducted on the Change Detection 2014 and on the private dataset PetrobrasROUTES from Petrobras support the effectiveness of the proposed approach concerning some state-of-the-art video segmentation techniques, with overall F-measures of $\mathbf{0.9535}$ and $\mathbf{0.9636}$ in the Change Detection 2014 and PetrobrasROUTES datasets, respectively. Such a result places the proposed technique amongst the top 3 state-of-the-art video segmentation methods, besides comprising approximately seven times less parameters than its top one counterpart.

Scene change detection is an image processing problem related to partitioning pixels of a digital image into foreground and background regions. Mostly, visual knowledge-based computer intelligent systems, like traffic monitoring, video surveillance, and anomaly detection, need to use change detection techniques. Amongst the most prominent detection methods, there are the learning-based ones, which besides sharing similar training and testing protocols, differ from each other in terms of their architecture design strategies. Such architecture design directly impacts on the quality of the detection results, and also in the device resources capacity, like memory. In this work, we propose a novel Multiscale Cascade Residual Convolutional Neural Network that integrates multiscale processing strategy through a Residual Processing Module, with a Segmentation Convolutional Neural Network. Experiments conducted on two different datasets support the effectiveness of the proposed approach, achieving average overall $\boldsymbol{F\text{-}measure}$ results of $\boldsymbol{0.9622}$ and $\boldsymbol{0.9664}$ over Change Detection 2014 and PetrobrasROUTES datasets respectively, besides comprising approximately eight times fewer parameters. Such obtained results place the proposed technique amongst the top four state-of-the-art scene change detection methods.

Research on remote sensing image classification significantly impacts essential human routine tasks such as urban planning and agriculture. Nowadays, the rapid advance in technology and the availability of many high-quality remote sensing images create a demand for reliable automation methods. The current paper proposes two novel deep learning-based architectures for image classification purposes, i.e., the Discriminant Deep Image Prior Network and the Discriminant Deep Image Prior Network+, which combine Deep Image Prior and Triplet Networks learning strategies. Experiments conducted over three well-known public remote sensing image datasets achieved state-of-the-art results, evidencing the effectiveness of using deep image priors for remote sensing image classification.

相机陷阱是监视收集大量图片的野生动植物的策略。从每个物种收集的图像数量通常遵循长尾分布，即，一些类有大量实例，而许多物种只有很小的比例。尽管在大多数情况下，这些稀有物种是生态学家感兴趣的类别，但在使用深度学习模型时，它们通常被忽略，因为这些模型需要大量的培训图像。在这项工作中，我们系统地评估了最近提出的技术 - 即平方根重新采样，平衡的焦点损失和平衡的组软效果 - 以解决相机陷阱图像中动物物种的长尾视觉识别。为了得出更一般的结论，我们评估了四个计算机视觉模型家族（Resnet，Mobilenetv3，EdgitionNetV2和Swin Transformer）和具有不同特征不同的相机陷阱数据集的四个家族。最初，我们用最新的培训技巧准备了一个健壮的基线，然后应用了改善长尾识别的方法。我们的实验表明，Swin Transformer可以在不应用任何其他方法处理不平衡的方法的情况下达到稀有类别的高性能，WCS数据集的总体准确性为88.76％，Snapshot Serengeti的总体准确性为94.97％，考虑到基于位置的火车/测试拆分。通常，平方根采样是一种方法，它最大程度地提高了少数族裔阶级的表现约为10％，但以降低多数类准确性至少4％的代价。这些结果促使我们使用合并平方根采样和基线的合奏提出了一种简单有效的方法。拟议的方法实现了尾巴级的性能与头等阶级准确性的成本之间的最佳权衡。

预测住宅功率使用对于辅助智能电网来管理和保护能量以确保有效使用的必不可少。客户级别的准确能量预测将直接反映电网系统的效率，但由于许多影响因素，例如气象和占用模式，预测建筑能源使用是复杂的任务。在成瘾中，鉴于多传感器环境的出现以及能量消费者和智能电网之间的两种方式通信，在能量互联网（IOE）中，高维时间序列越来越多地出现。因此，能够计算高维时间序列的方法在智能建筑和IOE应用中具有很大的价值。模糊时间序列（FTS）模型作为数据驱动的非参数模型的易于实现和高精度。不幸的是，如果所有功能用于训练模型，现有的FTS模型可能是不可行的。我们通过将原始高维数据投入低维嵌入空间并在该低维表示中使用多变量FTS方法来提出一种用于处理高维时间序列的新方法。组合这些技术使得能够更好地表示多变量时间序列的复杂内容和更准确的预测。

对于网络入侵检测系统（NIDS）使用机器学习（ML）的大多数研究都使用良好的数据集，例如KDD-CUP99，NSL-KDD，UNSW-NB15和Cicids-2017。在这种情况下，探讨了机器学习技术的可能性，旨在与已发表的基线（以模型为中心的方法）相比的度量改进。但是，这些数据集将一些限制呈现为老化，使得将基于ML的解决方案转换为现实世界的应用程序，这使得它不可行。本文提出了一种系统以系统为中心的方法来解决NIDS研究的当前限制，特别是数据集。此方法生成由最近的网络流量和攻击组成的NID数据集，其中包含设计的标签过程。